|
|
| Atomic symbol: Cl |
| Atomic number: 17 |
| Atomic weight: 35.453 |
| Atomic volume: 22.7 cm3/mol |
| Density: 0.003214 g/cm3 |
| Period Number: 3 |
| Group number: 17 |
| Group name: Halogen |
| Element classification: Non-metal |
| Phase at room temperature: Gas |
| Melting Point: 172.22 K |
| Boiling point: 239.2 K |
| Heat of fusion: 3.203 kJ/mol |
| Heat of vaporization: 10.20 kJ/mol |
| Ionization Energy: 12.968 eV |
| 1st ionization energy: 1251.1 kJ/mole |
| 2nd ionization energy: 2297.3 kJ/mole |
| 3rd ionization energy: 3821.8 kJ/mole |
| Electronegativity: 3.16 |
| Electron affinity: 349 kJ/mole |
| Specific heat: 0.48 J/gK |
| Heat atomization: 121 kJ/mole atoms |
| Shells: 2,8,7 |
| Electron Shell Configuration: [Ne] 3s2 3p5 |
| Minimum oxidation number: -1 |
| Maximum oxidation number: 7 |
| Minimum common oxidation number: -1 |
| Maximum common oxidation no: 7 |
Appearance & Characteristics |
| Structure:: layers of Cl2 |
| Color: greenish-yellow |
| Hardness: mohs |
| Toxicity: yes |
| Characteristics: diatomic(Cl2), corrosive |
| Uses: bleach (NaOCl), PVC pipe |
| Reaction with air: none |
| Reaction with 6M HCl: mild, =>HOCl, Cl- |
| Reaction with 15M HNO3: mild, =>HClOx, NOxCl, NOx |
| Reaction with 6M NaOH: mild, =>OCl-, Cl- |
| Number of isotopes: 2 |
| Oxide(s): Cl2O ClO2 Cl2O7 |
| Hydride(s): HCl |
| Chloride(s): Cl2 |
| Atomic Radius: 100 pm |
| Ionic radius (1- ion): 167 pm |
| Ionic radius (1+ ion): pm |
| Ionic radius (2- ion): pm |
| Ionic radius (2+ ion): pm |
| Ionic radius (3+ ion): pm |
| Thermal conductivity: 0.01 J/m-sec-deg |
| Electrical conductivity: 0 1/mohm-cm |
| Polarizability: 2.2 A^3 |
| Source: Halite, brine (misc) |
| Relative abundance solar system: 3.719 log |
| Abundance earth's crust: 2.1 log |
| Estimated crustal abundance: 1.45×102 milligrams per kilogram |
| Estimated oceanic abundance: 1.94×104 milligrams per liter |
|
|
|
| (Gr. chloros: greenish yellow) Discovered in 1774 by Scheele, who thought it contained oxygen. Chlorine was named in 1810 by Davy, who insisted it was an element. |
| In nature it is found in the combined state only, chiefly with sodium as common salt (NaCl), carnallite, and sylvite. |
| It is a member of the halogen (salt-forming) group of elements and is obtained from chlorides by the action of oxidizing agents and more often by electrolysis; it is a greenish-yellow gas, combining directly with nearly all elements. At 100C one volume of water dissolves 3.10 volumes of chlorine, at 300C only 1.77 volumes. |
Chlorine is widely used in making many everyday products. It is used for producing safe drinking water the world over. Even the smallest water supplies are now usually chlorinated.
It is also extensively used in the production of paper products, dyestuffs, textiles, petroleum products, medicines, antiseptics, insecticides, food, solvents, paints, plastics, and many other consumer products.
Most of the chlorine produced is used in the manufacture of chlorinated compounds for sanitation, pulp bleaching, disinfectants, and textile processing. Further use is in the manufacture of chlorates, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, and in the extraction of bromine.
Organic chemistry demands much from chlorine, both as an oxidizing agent and in substitution, since it often brings many desired properties in an organic compound when substituted for hydrogen, as in one form of synthetic rubber.
|
 |
Would you like to contact senior executives directly? Join our network on OurMetals.com
It's free and only takes 2 minutes to register. |
|
|
|
 Company
|
| SEKOM Handelsges.m.b.H.... |
|
Our company is a private firm founded in 1990 with aim to develop export and import with Russia. We do promote EU industrial and consumer goods in Russia and strongly support marketing of Russian and CIS industrial products and services.
|
|
0 selling
&
0 buying
leads |
|
Friendly links
|
|
