Astatine

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Atomic symbol: At

Atomic number: 85

Atomic weight: (210)

Atomic volume: ?

Density: ?

Period Number: 6

Group number: 17

Group name: Halogen

Element classification: Semi-metal

States

Phase at room temperature: Solid

Melting Point: 575.2 K

Boiling point: K

Heat of fusion: ?

Heat of vaporization: ?

Energies

Ionization Energy: 9.5 eV

1st ionization energy: 890 kJ/mole

2nd ionization energy: kJ/mole

3rd ionization energy: kJ/mole

Electronegativity: 2.2

Electron affinity: 270 kJ/mole

Specific heat: ?

Heat atomization: 92 kJ/mole atoms

Oxidation & Electrons

Shells: 2,8,18,32,18,7

Electron Shell Configuration: [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p5

Minimum oxidation number: -1

Maximum oxidation number: 7

Minimum common oxidation number: -1

Maximum common oxidation no: 1

Appearance & Characteristics

Structure:: ?

Color: ?

Hardness: mohs

Toxicity: ?

Characteristics: Radioactive

Uses: ?

Reactions

Reaction with air: ?

Reaction with 6M HCl: ?

Reaction with 15M HNO3: ?

Reaction with 6M NaOH: ?

Other Forms

Number of isotopes: 0

Oxide(s): ?

Hydride(s): HAt

Chloride(s): ?

Radius

Atomic Radius: pm

Ionic radius (1- ion): pm

Ionic radius (1+ ion): pm

Ionic radius (2- ion): pm

Ionic radius (2+ ion): pm

Ionic radius (3+ ion): pm

Conductivity

Thermal conductivity: J/m-sec-deg

Electrical conductivity: 1/mohm-cm

Polarizability: 6 A^3

Abundance

Source: Synthetic(Th or U decay)

Relative abundance solar system: log

Abundance earth's crust: log

Estimated crustal abundance: Not Applicable

Estimated oceanic abundance: Not Applicable

History

(Gr. astatos: unstable) Synthesized in 1940 by D.R. Corson, K.R. MacKenzie, and E. Segre at the University of California by bombarding bismuth with alpha particles. The longest-lived isotopes, with naturally occurring uranium and thorium isotopes, and traces of 217At are equilibrium with 233U and 239Np resulting from integration of thorium and uranium with naturally produced neutrons. The total amount of astatine present in the earth's crust, however, is less than 1 oz.

Properties

The "time of flight" mass spectrometer has been used to confirm that this highly radioactive halogen behaves chemically very much like other halogens, particularly iodine. Astatine is said to be more metallic than iodine, and, like iodine, it probably accumulates in the thyroid gland. Workers at the Brookhaven National Laboratory have recently used reactive scattering in crossed molecular beams to identify and measure elementary reactions involving astatine.

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